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Though these mechanisms are helpful, application porting is still too complicated. This is not possible in Windows, so Windows sockets introduce a particular function, WSAGetLastError(), to retrieve error messages. As a result, Windows sockets contain many elements that are designed to be portable. It is insufficient to create an API that only works for newly written Windows programs. However, Windows sockets are designed to be relatively easy for developers to port socket-based applications from Unix to Windows. However, some unavoidable obstacles stem primarily from the fundamental differences between Windows and Unix. The Windows Socket API covers almost all the characteristics of the BSD socket API.
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The code and design of Windows socket are based on BSD sockets but offers additional features that allow API to conform to the general Windows programming model. The SPI contract provides a protocol-compliant module that can be added to Windows and is therefore used by API – compliant applications.
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The API ensures that compliant applications will function properly, as implemented by a consistent protocol from any network software vendor. Application developers use the former, and the latter offers a way to add new protocol modules to the system for network software developers. The Winsock specification defines two interfaces: the API and the SPI.
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Users generally believe that full TCP/IP protocol support can solely be provided if they ensure that DLL files exist on the system. Because, among users, there is a lot of confusion between the DLL library file (winsock.dll) and the API, while the DLL library file exposes only the common WSA interface to the application above. Finally, it was decided that the specification would consist of only five authors as individual copyrights.įor a long time, all participating developers rejected shortening the name to simple Winsock. There are some discussions on how best to solve intellectual property, copyright and potential antitrust issues, and consideration for working through IETF or founding a non-profit foundation. The first edition of this specification was created by Martin Hall, Mark Towfiq of Microdyne, Geoff Arnold of Sun Microsystems, and Henry Sanders and J Allard of Microsoft, with assistance from many others. And it put these specifications into the public domain at this meeting.
It is based on socket specifications, which are created by NetManage. The Windows Socket Project originated at the Birds Of A Feather conference on October 10, 1991, at Interop ’91 in San Jose in San Jose. The socket is a specific convention that connects two program processes and exchanges data across a network or within the same computer. It is adapted from Windows for the Berkeley Unix socket interface. It deals with input and output requests for Internet applications in the Windows operating system. Short for Windows Sockets API (WSA), Winsock is a supporting program and technical specification that determines how the Windows network software accesses network services in computing, especially TCP/IP.